Ama-hams esitayela saseNtshonalanga anezindlela eziyingqayizivele zokucubungula, futhi izindlela zokucubungula ezahlukene zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza nokucubungula ama-hams ahlukene. Isibonelo, eminye imikhiqizo ye-ham idinga ukubhema, kanti eminye ayifuni. Izindlela zokucubungula ezijwayelekile ze-ham yesitayela saseNtshonalanga zihlanganisa ukuphulukiswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nomjovo we-brine.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi
Enqubweni yokucubungula inyama, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inyama inethenda, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa njalo ukuthi imikhiqizo yenyama isesimweni sokushisa okuphansi, izinga lokushisa alikwazi ukuba ngaphezu kuka-15 ℃. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa obusezingeni eliphansi kungavimbela ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa kwama-microorganisms, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuzwela kwemikhiqizo yenyama, ikakhulukazi ehlobo lapho izinga lokushisa lesimo sezulu lishisa kakhulu, ngemvelo yokushisa okuphezulu, imikhiqizo yenyama isengozini kakhulu yokubola. kanye nokubola, ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kobuchwepheshe bokwelapha obusezingeni eliphansi kungagwema ngempumelelo umkhiqizo uhlushwa ukuwohloka komkhiqizo. Isibonelo, ubuchwepheshe be-Lyonnaise ham processing, ngokusebenzisa ukushisa okuphansi, usawoti ophansi, ubuchwepheshe bokuphulukisa, akugcini nje ukufinyeza umjikelezo wokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo.
Umjovo we-Brine
Ubuchwepheshe bomjovo we-brine abukwazi nje ukufinyeza isikhathi sokuphulukiswa kwemikhiqizo yenyama, kodwa futhi kunciphise izindleko zokuphulukisa futhi kuthuthukise ukuthamba kanye nesivuno senyama. Ukwelapha okuvamile kwemikhiqizo yenyama ngokuvamile kusebenzisa ukuphulukiswa okomile noma ukuphulukiswa okumanzi, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bomjovo we-brine buwukusebenzisa imishini yomjovo ekhethekile ukujova uketshezi olulaphayo enyameni eluhlaza ngezinalithi zomjovo ukuze kwenziwe inqubo yokwelapha.
Ngokuhlaziywa okuqhathaniswayo komsebenzi wamanzi engulube, amandla e-shear, umbala nezinye izici, kufakazelwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bomjovo we-brine abukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yengulube, kodwa futhi bucacise izinga lomjovo we-brine kanye nesilinganiso seglue edliwayo.
Ubuchwepheshe be-vacuum
Enkambweni yokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bomjovo we-brine, ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-brine ingasatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo emikhiqizweni yenyama, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokucubungula imikhiqizo yenyama, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-vacuum tumbling. Ubuchwepheshe be-vacuum tumbling empeleni ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yemishini, ukuxova, ukulwa, ukugoqa imikhiqizo yenyama, ukusheshisa ukungena kwe-marinade ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingasatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo enyameni, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ingabhubhisa imicu yenyama, thuthukisa ukuthamba kwenyama ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo yenyama inambitheka ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi ithuthukise izinga lokukhiqiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuvinjwe ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-microorganisms emikhiqizweni yenyama, isigubhu somshini wokudonsa i-vacuum siklanyelwe njenge-vacuum, engavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukukhiqizwa kwama-microorganisms, futhi impahla yenyama ivuvukala kakhulu ngaphansi kwesimo se-vacuum, ukuze uketshezi lwe-marinade luhlanganiswe ngokugcwele nezinto zenyama ngokuwa, ukucindezela kanye neminye imisebenzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-marinade ifana. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-vacuum tumbler, iphrotheni entweni yenyama ihlangana ngokugcwele ne-brine, ekhuthaza ukuqedwa kwamaprotheni, ikhulise ukunamathela phakathi kwezingcezu zenyama, futhi ithuthukise ngokuphumelelayo ikhwalithi yezingcezu zenyama.
I-Tenderization Technology
Ubumnene bemikhiqizo yenyama iyinkomba ebalulekile yokunambitheka komkhiqizo. Njengoba isidingo sabantu sokunambitheka kwemikhiqizo yenyama siya ngokuya sikhula, ucwaningo lwamanje mayelana nobuchwepheshe bethenda yemikhiqizo yenyama nalo luya ngokujula nokujula.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuthambisa inyama, njengendlela yokuvuselela ugesi, indlela yokuthambisa ngomshini, indlela ye-enzyme ye-tenderization nezinye izindlela nobuchwepheshe. Ukugqugquzela ugesi kuyindlela yokusebenzisa amandla kagesi ukuvuselela isidumbu, okungase kusheshise ngokuphumelelayo izinga le-glycolysis yenyama, ukusheshisa isivinini sokuqina kwemisipha, ukuze kugwenywe ukugoqa okubandayo kwenyama, ngaleyo ndlela kuqaphele ukuthambisa inyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-enzyme asetshenziswa endleleni ye-tenderization ye-enzyme angahlukaniswa abe ama-exogenous and endogenous tenderizing enzymes.
Ubuchwepheshe Bokubiyela
Ubuchwepheshe bocingo buqondiswe kakhulu enkingeni yokubola kanye nokuwohloka kwemikhiqizo yenyama ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukucutshungulwa, ukuthuthwa kanye nokudayiswa, futhi umgomo wawo oyinhloko ukusebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene okugcina ubusha ukuze ugweme ukubola nokuwohloka kwemikhiqizo yenyama ekukhiqizeni nasekucutshungulweni kwayo. ekuthengisweni, okunomsebenzi wokwelula impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo yenyama. Enqubweni yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bamanje bokubiya, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-50 zezinto zocingo ezihilelekile, njengenani le-pH, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, izinto ezilondolozayo, ukupakishwa kwe-air-conditioning, njll. Ngokwezici zocingo ezahlukene kanye nezimiso zokulondoloza, izindlela zokulondoloza. zihlukaniswa, futhi izimiso ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokulondoloza zihlanganisa ukunciphisa umsebenzi wamanzi, ukwelashwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukushisa okuphansi kwesiqandisi noma ukuqandisa, kanye nokwengezwa kwezivimbelakuvunda, njll. Isimiso esiyinhloko siwukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamasu okulondoloza ukuze ugweme ukubola kwemikhiqizo yenyama. kusukela ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni kuya ekukhangiseni, okunomthelela wokwelula impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo yenyama. Izici ezihlukene zocingo ngendima yama-microorganisms emikhiqizweni yenyama ezingxenyeni ezahlukene, lapho izici zocingo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zisebenza ndawonye, umphumela wawo wokulondolozwa unamandla kunendima yesici socingo yedwa. Ekucutshungulweni kwangempela kwemikhiqizo yenyama, ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela enengqondo yezinto ezihlukene zocingo, ingadlala indima ephumelelayo ekuqinisekiseni izinga lokudla nokuphepha.
Ukubhema Ubuchwepheshe
Kubuchwepheshe bokubhema bendabuko, ukushiswa kwamalahle okwanele kuzodala izinkinga ezithile zokuphepha, futhi kuzoba nomthelela othize endaweni ezungezile, kanye ne-benzopyrene kanye ne-polycyclic enuka kamnandi yama-hydrocarbons akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokubhema ayoba nomthelela othile empilweni yomuntu. Ngokujula okuqhubekayo kocwaningo lobuchwepheshe bokucubungula inyama, ubuchwepheshe bokubhema buye bathuthukiswa futhi bathuthukiswa ngezinga elithile, isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-flavour ebhemayo, uketshezi olubhemayo, kanye nendlela yokugqoka eqondile kanye nendlela yokufafaza, eyashintsha kakhulu indlela yokubhema imikhiqizo yenyama kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga ezingaphephile nezingenampilo zenqubo yokubhema yendabuko. Isibonelo, ukubhema okubandayo kungasetshenziselwa ukucubungula i-bone-in ham, lapho izinga lokushisa lidinga ukulawulwa ku-30-33 ℃ futhi i-ham idinga ukushiywa izinsuku ezingu-1-2 nobusuku ngesikhathi sokubhema.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-13-2024